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Glossary

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Fadeometer
An instrument used to measure the fading properties of inks and other pigmented coatings.

Fake Color
Producing a color illustration by using one image as a key and making the other seperations from it manually.

felt finish
Highly tactile and soft-textured felt finish papers are ideal for special techniques such as embossing and foil stamping.

Felt Side
The smoother side of the paper for printing. The top side of the sheet in paper manufacturing.

Fiber
The cellulose fiber, typically from cotton or wood, that is the main ingredient of paper.

File
A group of related information, such as text, graphics, page instructions, and oicture information stored on magnetic media.

FIM
Facing identification mark. A series of five or six vertical bars on the top right-hand side of the mailing panel used by automated postal equipment to identify, orient and separate reply mail.

finish
The surface characteristics of a sheet created by either on-machine or off-machine papermaking processes. Popular text and cover finishes include smooth, vellum, felt, laid and linen.

finishing
Operations performed after the job has left the press; common finishing operations are cutting, folding, binding and packaging.

Fixing
Chemical action following development to convert unexposed silver halide to a water soluble salt and make he image stable and insensitive to further exposure.

Flash Exposure
The supplementary expousre given to strengthen the dots in the shadow areas of negatives.

Flat
The assembly of of negatives on Goldenrod Paper or positives on film, ready for platemaking.

Flatbed Scanner
A device that scans images in a manner similar to a photocopy machine; the original art is placed facedown on a glass plate.

Fluorescent Inks
Inks that emit and reflect light. Generally, they are brighter and more opaque than traditional inks, but they are not color fast, so they will fade in bright light over time. their metallic content will also affect dot gain and trapping.

Flush Cover
A cover that has been trimmed to the same size as the inside text pages.

Flush Left (or Right)
Text set to line up at the left (or right).

Flush Paragraph
A paragraph with no indentation

Flying Paster
In Web Printing an automatic pasting device that splices a new roll of paper onto an expiring roll without stopping the press.

Focal Length
In Photography, the distance from the center of the lens to the image of an object at infinity. At the same size , the distance from copy to image is four times the focal length of the lens.

Fog
In Photography silver density in the non-image areas.

Foil Stamp
Foils made of matal or other materials available in various colors, typically combined with embossing or debossing. The foil is carried on a plastic sheet and transferred through a stamping process onto paper.

Folio
Page number

Font
Complete collection of text characters in a single design.

Font Embedding
Including fonts within a document file so that the document may be accurately rendered wherever it goes. The postscript page description language does not allow font embedding, so fonts must accompany a document as external files.

Forest Stewardship Council
FSC is an independent, non-governmental, not-for-profit organization established to promote the responsible management of the world’s forests. Established in 1993 as a response to concerns over global deforestation, FSC is widely regarded as one of the most important initiatives of the last decade to promote responsible forest management worldwide.

Form
In offset, the assembly of pages and other images for printing. In letterpress, type and other matter locked in a chase for printing.

Form Rollers
The rollers, either inking or dampening, which directly contact the plate on a printing press.

Format
The size, style, type page, margins, printing requirements, etc. of a printed piece.

Forwarding Service Requested
One of four ancillary service endorsements, this instructs the Postal Service to forward the mailpiece months 1 though 12 at no charge for first class and standard mail. Thereafter, the mail is returned to the sender. The return service is at no charge to first class; there is a weighed fee charged for standard mail. New address notification is provided only with return.

Fountain Solution
A solution of water, a natural or synthetic gum and other chemicals used to dampen the plate and keep non-printing areas from accepting ink.

Four-Color Printing
Printing with the three subtractive primary colors (yellow, magenta and cyan) and black.

Four-Up
Four of the same image on a single sheet of film or plate.

FPO
(For Position Only) Typically a low-resolution image positioned in a docuemtn to be replaced later with a higher resolution version of the same image.

Free Sheet
Paper Free of mechanical wood pulp.

French Fold
Paper fold made by first folding a sheet along its length and them making a second fold at a right angle to the first across the width.

Frequency Modulation Screening
A means of digital screening

Front End System
The workstation or group of workstations containing the application software for preparing pages of type and graphics.

FSC
Forest Stewardship Council - FSC is an independent, non-governmental, not-for-profit organization established to promote the responsible management of the world’s forests. Established in 1993 as a response to concerns over global deforestation, FSC is widely regarded as one of the most important initiatives of the last decade to promote responsible forest management worldwide.

Full Bleed
Printed image extending to all four edges of a sheet.